There are two main types of verbs in English: finite and non-finite verbs
Finite Verbs:
A finite verb changes its form based on the number or person of the subject.
Finite verbs also change their form according to the tense.
Example: My younger sister wants to be an astronaut.
Non-finite Verbs:
Non-finite verbs do not change their form when the number or person of the subject changes.
There are three main types of non-finite verbs: infinitives, gerunds, and participles.
Example: He worked hard to get that job.
Types of Non-finite Verbs:
1. Gerunds.
2. Infinitives.
3. Participles.
A gerund is a verb that functions as a noun. It often acts as the direct object of another verb.
Examples:
1. Reading is his favorite hobby.
2. I love learning English grammar.
How Can Gerunds Be Used?
As the Subject of a Sentence:
Playing badminton keeps me fit.
As the Object of a Verb:
My mother enjoys watching television every day.
Following Adjectives and Prepositions:
He is accustomed to getting up early.
I am afraid of missing my flight.
An infinitive is the base form of a verb, preceded by "to."
Examples:
I love to dance in the rain.
I love to play football.
The Difference Between the Base Verb and an Infinitive:
The base form of a verb does not have "to" with it, but an infinitive form is always preceded by "to."
Examples:
Base verb: play, swim, talk, walk, etc.
Infinitive: to play, to swim, to talk, to walk, etc.
How Can Infinitives Be Used?
Infinitives can be used after adjectives to clarify or enhance the meaning of a sentence.
Example: The dog is sweet to get a hold of. (Here, "sweet" is an adjective, and "to get" is the infinitive.)
A participle is a word that is partly a verb and partly an adjective.
There are two types of participles:
1. Present Participle: Ends in -ing
2. Past Participle: Ends in -ed, -d, -t, -en, -n, etc.
I. How Can Participles Be Used?
The present participle (ending in -ing) is used as an adjective to describe nouns.
Example:
The boiling water.
The past participle refers to an action that was completed in the past and is often formed by adding -ed, -d, -t, or -en to the base verb.
Example:
I had watched that show when I was in school.
1. I love playing cricket.
Gerund: playing (The verb "playing" is acting as a noun, referring to the activity of playing cricket.)
2. Swimming is my favourite hobby.
Gerund: Swimming (The verb "Swimming" is acting as the subject of the sentence.)
3. I saw a dancing doll in the mall yesterday.
Participle: dancing (The word "dancing" is a present participle modifying the noun "doll.")
4. I love to watch cricket.
Infinitive: to watch (The phrase "to watch" is an infinitive that follows the verb "love.")
5. I like to play football.
Infinitive: to play (The phrase "to play" is an infinitive that follows the verb "like.")
A gerund is a word that is preceded by ‘to’.
False (A gerund is a verb that functions as a noun, ending in "-ing," and is not preceded by "to." "To" is used with infinitives.)
A participle is divided into three types.
False (A participle is typically divided into two types: present participles (ending in "-ing") and past participles (ending in "-ed," "-d," "-t," "-en," or "-n").)
An infinitive verb is the same as a base verb.
False (An infinitive verb is the base form of the verb preceded by "to," while a base verb is the verb without any form of "to.")
Non-finite verbs do not change their form when the number or person of the subject changes.
True (Non-finite verbs, such as gerunds, infinitives, and participles, do not change according to the subject or tense.)
Finite verbs undergo a change in their forms when there is a change in the number or person of the subject.
True (Finite verbs change their form based on the subject's person and number, and also in different tenses.)
1. Painting relieves stress.
Gerund: Painting (It's a verb form acting as a noun.)
2. Smoking is injurious to health.
Gerund: Smoking (It's a verb form acting as a noun.)
3. I go to the park every day.
Infinitive: None. (There is no infinitive verb in this sentence.)
4. We eat to survive.
Infinitive: to survive (It's the base verb "survive" preceded by "to.")
5. I am an ever smiling angel.
Present Participle: smiling (It is a verb form used as an adjective to describe "angel.")
Answer The Following Question.
1. Why should a magnesium ribbon be cleaned before burning in air?
Ans: Magnesium is a highly reactive metal that quickly forms a thin, stable layer of magnesium oxide when exposed to oxygen in the air. This oxide layer prevents further reaction of magnesium with oxygen. To ensure proper combustion, the magnesium ribbon is cleaned with sandpaper to remove this oxide layer, exposing the pure magnesium underneath for efficient burning.