1. Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below:
(i) Migrations change the number, distribution, and composition of the population in
(c) both the area of arrival and departure
(ii) A large proportion of children in a population is a result of
(a) high birth rates
(iii) The magnitude of population growth refers to
(b) the number of persons added each year
(iv) According to the Census, a “literate” person is one who
(c) is 7 years old and can read and write any language with understanding
2. Answer the following questions briefly:
(i) Why is the rate of population growth in India declining since 1981?
Ans: The rate of population growth in India has been declining due to increased awareness and widespread adoption of birth control measures.
(ii) Discuss the major components of population growth.
Ans: Birth Rate: The number of live births per thousand people in a year.
Death Rate: The number of deaths per thousand people in a year.
Migration: The movement of people from one area to another, affecting both the population size and distribution.
(iii) Define age structure, death rate, and birth rate.
Ans: Age Structure: The proportion of people in different age groups within a population.
Death Rate: The number of deaths per thousand persons in a year.
Birth Rate: The number of live births per thousand persons in a year.
(iv) How is migration a determinant factor of population change?
Ans: Migration alters the size, composition, and distribution of the population, affecting both the area of origin and the destination.
- 3. Distinguish between population growth and population change:
Population Growth | Population Change |
Refers to the increase in the number of inhabitants of a region during a specific time. | Refers to changes in the size, distribution, or composition of a population. |
Birth rate and migration are the primary causes of population growth. | Caused by birth rate, death rate, migration, and emigration. |
4. What is the relation between occupational structure and development?
Ans: A higher percentage in primary occupations (agriculture, animal husbandry, etc.) indicates a less developed country.
Development increases as the population shifts to secondary occupations like manufacturing.
A higher percentage in tertiary occupations (banking, commerce, etc.) is a sign of a highly developed country.
5. What are the advantages of having a healthy population?
Ans: Strengthens the nation in all spheres.
Contributes to the nation’s economic growth and prosperity.
Enables global competitiveness in various fields.
Creates a strong and productive workforce.
6. What are the significant features of the National Population Policy 2000?
Ans: The National Population Policy 2000 provides a framework for:
Free and compulsory school education up to 14 years of age.
Reducing the infant mortality rate to below 30 per 1000 live births.
Achieving universal immunisation of children against vaccine-preventable diseases.
Promoting delayed marriage for girls.
Encouraging family welfare programs focused on responsible and planned parenthood.